How Solar Panels Work
Photovoltaic Effect: Solar panels consist of many solar cells made of semiconductor materials, typically silicon. When sunlight hits these cells, it excites electrons, generating direct current (DC) electricity.
Inverter: The DC electricity generated is often converted to alternating current (AC) using an inverter, as most household appliances run on AC.
Energy Storage: Excess energy can be stored in batteries for later use, ensuring a continuous power supply even when the sun isn’t shining.
Types of Solar Panels
Monocrystalline: Made from a single crystal structure, these panels are known for high efficiency and longevity but are generally more expensive.
Polycrystalline: Composed of multiple crystal structures, these panels are less efficient but more affordable.
Thin-Film: These panels are lightweight and flexible, making them suitable for various applications, though they typically have lower efficiency.
Benefits of Solar Panels
Renewable Energy Source: Solar energy is abundant and sustainable, helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Cost Savings: Once installed, solar panels can significantly lower electricity bills and may even allow homeowners to sell excess energy back to the grid.
Low Maintenance: Solar panels have no moving parts and require minimal maintenance, primarily cleaning.